Auckland Casino Ltd V Casino Control Authority 1995

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Born14 August 1950 (age 69)
Macroom, County Cork
OccupationLargest individual shareholder within Celtic Football Club
Net worth€2.04bn (2018)
Spouse(s)Pat Desmond
Children4

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Dermot Desmond is an Irish businessman and financier.[2] He is estimated to be worth €2.04 billion and is ranked by the Sunday Independent as the ninth-richest person in Ireland.[3]

  • 2Business career

Early life and education[edit]

Desmond was born in Macroom, County Cork in 1950 and grew up in Marino, Dublin. He was educated at Scoil Mhuire, Marino and Good Counsel College in New Ross. He left school in 1968 to work at Citibank in Dublin.[4]

Business career[edit]

In 1968, Desmond's business career began with Citibank in Dublin, followed by Pricewaterhouse Coopers in Kabul, Afghanistan.[4]

In 1981, he founded National City Brokers in Dublin. The company competed with already established stockbroking names in Dublin such as Davy's and Goodbodys. Desmond sold the company to Ulster Bank in 1994, which at the time was part of the National Westminster Group, for a reported £39 million. Subsequently, as a result of Natwest's takeoever in 2003 by RBS, NCB was bought out by its management with the support of former billionaire businessman Sean Quinn who was believed at that time to control 25% of the company.[4]

He was appointed chairman of the board of Aer Rianta in 1990 under the Charles Haughey government, but resigned in October 1991 amid the scandal over the purchase of the Johnston Mooney & O'Brien site by Telecom Éireann.[5]

In 1995, he founded International Investment & Underwriting (IIU), a private equity firm and his primary investment vehicle. It is located in Ireland's International Financial Services Centre (IFSC) at IFSC House and is regulated by the Irish Financial Services Regulatory Authority. Companies that are controlled through IIU include DAON (a biometric enabling technology company). IIU Asset Strategies Limited is the hedge fund arm of the company, offering convertible bonds and equity funds.[6]

In 1996 Desmond backed a consortium headed by Fran Rooney to purchase Baltimore Technologies for £300,000. The company quickly purchased an e-commerce license from the EU and it experienced rapid growth over the following years. It was briefly a member of the FTSE 100 and had a market capitalization of £4.5 Billion. The company though fell victim to the dotcom bust and all but collapsed.[citation needed]

In 1997, together with business partners John Magnier and J.P. McManus, Desmond purchased the luxurious five-star Barbados resort Sandy Lane Hotel. The Hotel underwent a US$450 million renovation and was re-opened in 2001.[citation needed]

Desmond purchased London City Airport from Mowlem for £23.5m in 1995. The investment was considered a large risk as London's Docklands was in recession and the neighbouring Canary Wharf development was in receivership. The airport has since become one of the more profitable in the United Kingdom. Desmond sold London City Airport in October 2006 for a reported £750 million to a consortium consisting of insurer AIG, GE Capital and Credit Suisse.[7]

BETDAQ is the trading name of Global Betting Exchange, a betting exchange operator based in Ireland. It is the second largest betting exchange operator in the market, with Betfair being the largest. The company was founded in 2000 by Dermot Desmond and started trading in September 2001. Its headquarters are also located in the International Financial Services Centre in Dublin.[citation needed] Desmond sold BETDAQ to Ladbrokes for €30 million in 2013 and is a shareholder at the bookmaker as a result of the deal.[8]

Desmond was a major shareholder in Irish food company Greencore for a number of years. He sold his shares in 2006.[9]

In 2005 Desmond opened the Sporting Emporium, a Dublin-based private members gaming club. It was reported Desmond had invested €5.5 million of his own money in the venture. After being open for only seven months it faced closure.[10]

Desmond purchased 33.1% of Latvian Rietumu Banka in 2005 for a reported €66 million. He invested in the bank as a result of being very impressed with its management team and capital structure. The investment in Rietumu initially looked a successful one with Desmond's holding at one stage being valued at €200 million. However, the subsequent economic downturn has reduced the value of Desmond's holding in the bank significantly.

Online casino no deposit free welcome bon…. But be careful, because some casinos may try to trick you and force you to play with this 'verification deposit'. Always ask on live chat to make sure you understand the terms and conditions properly - and save the conversation.Can I really win on slots without risking my money?Yes, you really can.Many casinos are fair about their no deposit promotions, and a clear reputation is one of their most important assets. I think that casinos use this as another form of verification.

In August 2008, Desmond was offered the position of chairman of the Irish airline Aer Lingus. Desmond turned down the offer citing prior commitments as a factor which would not allow him the sufficient time necessary to do the job. Former GPA chief operating officer and current Babcock & Brown Air chief executive Colm Barrington was subsequently named chairman of Aer Lingus.[11]

On Wed, Sep 19, 2018 it was announced that Desmond increased his stake in Toronto mining company Mountain Province Diamonds to 28% that is valued at a[12] current market price of approximately $158million. How to make money on william hill roulette. The company's sole asset is the Canadian Gahcho Kue Diamond Mine Project.

In September 2018, he secured planning permission to construct a 17,168 sq ft palatial mansion on Shrewsbury Road in D4 - Ireland’s most exclusive address. In getting the go-ahead for the ambitious mansion plan, Mr Desmond was also given the green light to demolish the existing house, 'Walford', the most expensive house ever sold in the State at a staggering €58m in 2005.[13]

Glackin report[edit]

In 1991, a company law inspector, solicitor John Glackin, was appointed by the then Government to investigate complicated dealings involving Mr Desmond and the purchase and sale of the former Johnston Mooney and O'Brien site in Ballsbridge, Dublin. While Mr Desmond represented himself as an intermediary in the sale, Glackin's report said Mr Desmond, businessman JP McManus and John Magnier were beneficiaries of the sale. Mr Desmond strenuously disputed Glackin's findings.[14]

According to the Glackin Report, Hoddle Investments (the vehicle through which the deal was handled) executed two contracts with Telecom Éireann for the sale of the Johnston Mooney & O'Brien site for an aggregate price of £9.4 million, on 7 May 1990.[15] The proceeds of the sale were lodged to an NCB account.[16]

According to the Moriarty Tribunal report, the next day, on 8 May 1990, £206,613.57 was withdrawn from one NCB account, converted into sterling £200,000 and transferred to the Aurum Nominees No.6 account at NCB (proxied to an offshore Ansbacher Cayman account) held for the benefit of then Taoiseach, Charles Haughey.[17] Aurum Nominees Limited was a company established by NCB for the benefit of its clients, and used at the time by several of the beneficiaries to the deal, including JP McManus, Lochlann Quinn and Martin Naughton. Mr Quinn and Mr Naughton were owed money by Mr Desmond and he used the proceeds of the sale to pay off his debt to them, according to the report.[18]

Flood Tribunal[edit]

Mr Desmond gave evidence relating to the Century Radio module of the Flood Tribunal. He said he had given former Fianna Fáil press secretary PJ Mara a loan of £46,000 between 1986 and 1989, as Mr Mara claimed he had run into financial difficulties. He said he made the payments by cheque.[19]

Moriarty Tribunal[edit]

The Moriarty Tribunal found that Mr Desmond made substantial payments to TaoiseachCharles Haughey. In September 1994 Mr Desmond made a payment of £100,000.00 sterling to Mr Haughey and in October 1996 he made a payment of £25,000 sterling. While Mr Desmond claims these payments to be loans, repayable by Mr Haughey, the Tribunal did not accept this explanation. Ultimately Mr Haughey was forced to settle with the Revenue Commissioners, as it appears he had failed to declare the payments from Mr Desmond.

The Tribunal noted that the payments were made via the Swiss bank account of a company called Anesia Etablissement, Banque Scandinave en Suisse, Case Postale 901, 1211 Geneva 3, of which Mr Desmond was the beneficial owner, via an account at Henry Ansbacher & Company toan account at Cayman International Bank Trust Company, held for Mr Haughey's benefit.[17] The sum £25,000 was paid via Desmonds's Bottin International Investments Limited which had an account with Anglo Irish Bank, 69 Athol Street, Douglas, Isle of Man.[20] Desmond said Haughey asked him for the money in 1996 because of 'a shortage of funds'.[21]

Desmond also loaned money to Feltrim plc, which was at the time managed by Charles Haughey's son, Conor Haughey. In August 1991, Desmond loaned the company £55,000, made up of £40,000 loaned on 12 August 1991 and £15,000 on 28 August 1991.[22] Conor Haughey told the Tribunal that the company was in danger of being liquidated and he approached Desmond for the money. The loan was never ultimately repaid, and was instead converted into equity.[23]

Celtic Mist[edit]

Mr Desmond also paid £75,456 for the refurbishment of Mr Haughey's yacht, the Celtic Mist, between 1990 and 1991, at a time according to the Tribunal, that Mr Haughey earned between £69,764 and £72,354 a year as Taoiseach. Mr Desmond again claimed this payment was a loan, but the Tribunal disagreed, noting again that Mr Haughey had settled with the Revenue Commissioners in relation to the sum, having failed to pay Capital Gains Tax at the time. The Tribunal also found that the yacht itself amounted to an indirect benefit to Mr Haughey. This was it despite being unable to find the source of the £167,073.90 paid for the yacht.[17]

Mr Haughey's son Conor told the Tribunal in 1999 that he had learned money to refurbish the yacht had come from the bank account of Freezone Limited. Money from the sale of the Johnston Mooney & O'Brien site had ended up in the same account – a revelation that Conor Haughey said he was 'very concerned' about.[24]

The yacht was subsequently given to the Irish Whale and Dolphin Group by the family of Mr Haughey and now operates as a maritime research vessel[25]

Auckland Casino Ltd V Casino Control Authority

Esat Digifone[edit]

Mr Desmond was an investor in Esat Digifone through his International Investment Underwriters (IIU) vehicle, ultimately owning 20% of the company. It was reported that he made up to £100 million in profit after selling his stake in Esat.[16]

Football[edit]

Desmond is the largest individual shareholder of the Scottish Premiership football club Celtic F.C. .[26]

Desmond previously held a stake in Manchester United. He sold out to Malcolm Glazer in 2005.

Horse Racing[edit]

1995

Desmond's racehorse Commanche Court won the Triumph Hurdle (1997), the Irish Grand National (2000), the Punchestown Gold Cup (2000), the Lismullen Hurdle (1998), the Christmas Hurdle (1998) and the Spring Juvenile Hurdle (1997).

Business holdings[edit]

Desmond's past and present business interests and investment holdings include;

  • Anesia Etablissement
  • Bank of Ireland[27]
  • Bottin (International) Investments Ltd.[28] (2004)
  • Castlebeck Group
  • Daon, Inc.[29]
  • Dedeir Limited[30]
  • Execujet http://www.execujet.ch
  • Freezone Investments Ltd. (Isle of Man-based investment company)
  • GIS software house eSpatial
  • International Investment Underwriters (IIU)
  • Intuition Publishing Ltd. (eLearning Company)
  • Lydian
  • MHC Mental Health Care
  • Newfoundland & Labrador Refining Ltd.[31]
  • Neovia[32] (2008)
  • Prematur [32] (2008)
  • Premier Fleet Management and Contract Hire Ltd[33]
  • RemoteMDx
  • Sporting Emporium Casino
  • Swanton Healthcare
  • U4EA Technologies

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^Hurst, Greg (25 April 2010). 'Profile: Dermot Desmond'. The Sunday Times. London.
  2. ^O'Toole, Fintan (2 March 2010). 'Ship of Fools: How Stupidity and Corruption Sank the Celtic Tiger'. PublicAffairs. Retrieved 27 January 2018 – via Google Books.
  3. ^'Business Irish Business News - Online Business and Finance - Independent.ie'. Independent.ie.
  4. ^ abc'Dermot Desmond Profile'. Forbes. Retrieved 25 August 2011.
  5. ^McGrath, Brendan (4 October 1991). 'Desmond's move is 'sad but inevitable' – Haughey'. Dublin: The Irish Times. Retrieved 20 November 2011.
  6. ^'International Investment & Underwriting Profile'. Iiu.ie. Retrieved 25 August 2011.
  7. ^olympics, unofficial london. 'Desmond reaps rewards of London City Airport gamble - Business of the London 2012 Olympics'. www.webarchive.org.uk.
  8. ^'Horse Racing News - Racing News As It Happens - Racing Post'. Racingpost.com. Retrieved 27 January 2018.
  9. ^Boyle, Pat (6 July 2006). 'Shares in Greencore surge as Desmond sells his 22pc'. Irish Independent. Retrieved 25 August 2011.
  10. ^Paul, Mark (28 May 2006). 'Casino play looks 'bleak' for Desmond'. London: The Times. Retrieved 25 August 2011.
  11. ^'Desmond turns down top Aer Lingus job'. RTÉ News. 5 August 2008.
  12. ^'Dermot Desmond raises bet on Canadian diamond miner'. The Irish Times. Retrieved 25 September 2018.
  13. ^https://www.irishexaminer.com/breakingnews/ireland/--866731.html
  14. ^Keena, Colm (23 March 2011). 'Financier is no stranger to business and political rows'. The Irish Times.
  15. ^'The Glackin Report'. Documentcloud.org. Retrieved 27 January 2018.
  16. ^ ab[1][dead link]
  17. ^ abc'Archived copy'(PDF). Archived from the original(PDF) on 19 May 2011. Retrieved 2008-10-27.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  18. ^Glackin, John A. 'The Glackin Report'. Documentcloud.org. Retrieved 27 January 2018.
  19. ^'Archived copy'(PDF). Archived from the original(PDF) on 11 August 2011. Retrieved 14 November 2011.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  20. ^'Day 44 pg 6'(PDF). Archived from the original(PDF) on 4 February 2014.
  21. ^'Day 44 pg 15'(PDF). Archived from the original(PDF) on 4 February 2014.
  22. ^'Day 82 Q.272'(PDF). Archived from the original(PDF) on 19 October 2013.
  23. ^'Day 82 Q.281, Q.286'(PDF). Archived from the original(PDF) on 19 October 2013.
  24. ^Keena, Colm (8 December 1999). 'Haughey yacht paid for from proceeds of site deal'. Dublin: The Irish Times. Retrieved 20 November 2011.
  25. ^Flynn, Pat (14 November 2011). 'Haughey's 'Celtic Mist' to take to seas as maritime research vessel'. The Irish Times.
  26. ^'Annual Report : Celtic plc Year Ended 30 June 2015'(PDF). Cdn.celticfc.net. Retrieved 27 January 2018.
  27. ^'Desmond criticises Bank of Ireland over Boucher'. The Irish Times. 3 March 2009.
  28. ^Bottin (International) Investments Ltd. v Venson Group Plc & Others[2004] EWCA Civ 1368 (22 October 2004), Court of Appeal
  29. ^'Daon - Multi-Factor Mobile Biometric Authentication - IdentityX Platform - Daon'. Daon.com. Retrieved 27 January 2018.
  30. ^'Archived copy'(PDF). Archived from the original(PDF) on 4 February 2014. Retrieved 12 January 2012.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  31. ^'BLACK GOLD AND GAS: NEWFOUNDLAND AND LABRADOR'S RICHES!'. Nlrefining.com. Retrieved 27 January 2018.
  32. ^ ab'Neovia trading gets physical - FT.com'. 13 March 2012.
  33. ^'Persons with significant control'. Beta.companieshouse.gov.uk. Retrieved 7 December 2017.
Retrieved from 'https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dermot_Desmond&oldid=916317449'
(Redirected from SkyCity Auckland)
Skycity Auckland
Location Auckland CBD, Auckland, New Zealand
Address Corner Victoria and Federal Streets
Opening dateFebruary 2, 1996; 23 years ago
Signature attractionsSky Tower
Casino typeLand
OwnerSkycity Entertainment Group
Renovated in2006
Websitewww.skycityauckland.co.nz

Skycity Auckland (stylised as SkyCity Auckland) is a casino and event centre in the central business district of Auckland, New Zealand, between Victoria and Federal Streets. Located at the base of the Sky Tower, it was the second casino in New Zealand, and is still the only one in Auckland.

  • 5New convention centre

Facilities[edit]

In addition to the Sky Tower, the complex includes a 700-seat theatre, a convention centre, 12 bars and restaurants, and two hotels. The main feature however is the casino itself, with over 1,600 gaming machines, and over 100 tables with games such as blackjack and roulette. The casino was most recently refurbished in 2006. The casino also has the 'Pacific Room' (table games) and the 'Platinum Room' (game machines) for VIP / high-stakes gamblers.[1] The casino has a large percentage of Asian customers, and undertakes special initiatives to cater for them.[2]

In September 2013, it was announced that Skycity Auckland had purchased a 21m motor yacht 'Horizon II' for corporate entertainment.[3]

In February 2018, Skycity Auckland opened New Zealand’s first purpose-built e-sports broadcasting studio, located on Level 2 of the Sky Tower, formerly known as XO Bar.[4]

By 2019 it will also house a convention centre catering for up to 3500 guests, costing over $700 million, after cutting a deal with the Government that will allow it to install extra pokie machines and gambling tables.[5]

History[edit]

Facade of Skycity Auckland

The Sky Tower,[6] convention centre and hotel[7] were all built by Fletcher Construction and completed by 1997.

Skycity was the second casino in the country. At the time of its construction, it was controversial, just like the Sky Tower itself. Unlike the city's icon towering above it, major figures like former Auckland Mayor Dick Hubbard have remained critical of the casino, though he acknowledged that the complex itself has been positive for the city. However, there is criticism from various sources that the casino creates problem gambling and does not ban problem gamblers proactively enough.[8]

The casino provides almost 2000 jobs (as of January 2006), and has returned NZ$670 million in dividends to mainly Australian shareholders, from more than eight million visitors that have passed through, 15% from overseas. NZ$18.6 million were also paid to community organisations and trusts in the same time. 1.5% of the operating profit has to be paid out to charity according to law.[8]

With profits at its parent, the Skycity Entertainment Group, falling, it was announced in May 2007 that around 230 staff of Sky City would be let go within the following 12–18 months, though it was thought likely to be mostly through turnover attrition, and would be focused on management staff.[2][9]

Hotels[edit]

Skycity Hotel, Auckland is a casino hotel and was opened in February 1996. It is one of New Zealands busiest hotels and is located inside the main Auckland complex and serves mainly families, business travellers and gamblers who play at the casino. It offers 323 rooms refurbished in 2013.[10] Hotel guests may use all the facilities in the complex. It is a Qualmark rated 4 star hotel.[11]

Skycity Grand Hotel is a luxury 5 star hotel and was officially opened by Prime Minister Helen Clark in April 2005 after costing $85 million. It is not located inside the main complex but is adjacent and is connected by a skybridge. It serves mainly older guests, VIPs and high stake gamblers who play at the casino. Many celebrities have stayed at the hotel including Justin Timberlake, Christina Aguilera and Linkin Park. The Grand features 21 levels and 316 rooms. The rooms include The Grand Suite, 8 Premier Self Contained Suites, 11 Executive King Suites and 296 Luxury King rooms. The room interiors were designed by Chhada Siembieda (specialists in luxury hotel interiors and responsible for the W Hotel chain as well as the Hayman Island Resort, Sydney Hilton and the Hotel Intercontinental in both Sydney and in Hong Kong). Facilities and services include 24-hour room service and reception, a heated lap pool, fitness center, sauna, health spa, personal trainers, baby sitting and a hotel doctor.[12]

Events[edit]

In 2019, the Skycity Convention Centre played host to two World boxing title events, promoted by Bruce Glozier and Steve Deane of Rival Sports Promotions. The first event took place on March 30th Geovana Peres took on Lani Daniels for the WBO World womens light heavyweight title dubbed History in the making.[13] The event Sold out with 680 table tickets and was prerecored to broadcast on Sky Sports tv later in the week.[14] On 30th July, Bruce Glozier of Rival Sports Promotion announced the second World title event, Geovana Peres vs Claire Hafner.[15] As part of promoting the event, Geovana Peres did a world first by doing boxing pad work outside on top of the Sky Tower, 193 metres in the air.[16] The event sold out with over 1000 tickets and was broadcast live on Sky Sports 3 TV.[17]

New convention centre[edit]

In May 2013, the Government came to a deal with Skycity to build a new convention centre worth $402 million in exchange for gambling concessions. The concessions would allow Skycity to install an extra 230 poker machines, 40 gambling tables, as well as a further 12 gaming tables that could be substituted for automated table game player stations (but not poker machines). Skycity would also receive an extension to their casino licence, from its expiry in 2021 until 2048. In exchange, Skycity would be required to meet the full costs of the convention centre project.[18]

Auckland Casino Ltd V Casino Control Authority 1995 Movie

Describing the benefit for New Zealand, Economic Development Minister, Steven Joyce said the convention centre would add an estimated $90 million a year to the local economy, create 1,000 jobs during construction and 800 jobs once the centre is running.[18]

In 2015 it was announced that the anticipated cost of the convention centre had increased by $70–$130 million, to a total maximum of $530 million. Prime Minister John Key said he was considering making up the shortfall by giving Skycity public tax money to finish the project – as it would be an 'eyesore' if the extra funding was not made available.[19] Two days later on 12 February, following criticism in the media and in Parliament, the Prime Minister described the use of taxpayer funds as the 'least preferred option'.[20] Subsequently, on 15 February, it was announced that instead of seeking funding from the government for project over-runs, Skycity would instead be allowed to build a convention centre which was slightly smaller, so that total costs would remain about $400 million. The other option was that Skycity could put in funds of its own to build a large convention centre. The Labour Party claimed the move was a win for those who were opposed to public money bailing out the deal.[21]

2019 convention centre fire[edit]

A fire in the roof and upper part of the new convention centre started on 22 October 2019 while the building was still under construction. The fire burned for about two days, partly as a result of a decision to sacrifice the roof in order to try to save the lower part of the building by improving safety and access for firefighters working under the roof. After the roof had mostly burned away the remaining fire was extinguished.

The fire caused widespread disruption to Auckland's central business district and the air pollution in the city to exceed safe levels for the first time in over ten years.[22][23]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^VIP Gaming (from the official casino website)
  2. ^ abMarshall, Colin (22 May 2007). 'Union 'in the dark' over SkyCity job losses'. The New Zealand Herald. Retrieved 12 November 2011.
  3. ^'SkyCity's 'floating palace' for high rollers'. New Zealand Herald. 2013-09-01. ISSN1170-0777. Retrieved 2015-12-31.
  4. ^'Social Snapshot: Sky City unveils new e-sports broadcasting centre'. Newshub. 2018-07-02. Retrieved 2018-03-19.
  5. ^'SkyCity convention centre set to create 800 jobs - Joyce'. TV NZ. May 13, 2013.
  6. ^Fletcher Construction website - Sky Tower
  7. ^Fletcher Construction website
  8. ^ ab'Auckland's big gamble, 10 years on'. The New Zealand Herald. 29 January 2006. Retrieved 12 November 2011.
  9. ^Orsman, Bernard (23 May 2007). 'Cards called for 230 at SkyCity in cost-cut drive'. The New Zealand Herald. Retrieved 12 November 2011.
  10. ^'SkyCity Hotel official site'.
  11. ^'Qualmark official site'.
  12. ^'SkyCity Grand Hotel official site'.
  13. ^'THE ULTIMATE DREAM HAS COME TRUE FOR GEOVANA PERES'. Gay Express. 31 March 2019. Retrieved 8 October 2019.
  14. ^'Peres-Daniels WBO World Title fight a sell out'. Newsie. 29 March 2019. Retrieved 8 October 2019.
  15. ^'Boxing: Kiwi Geovana Peres to defend WBO title against Canadian Claire Hafner'. New Zealand Herald. 31 July 2019. Retrieved 8 October 2019.
  16. ^'Kiwi boxing champion Geovana Peres to defend title'. Stuff NZ. 31 July 2019. Retrieved 8 October 2019.
  17. ^'Geovana Peres Retains World title with the first TKO of her Career'. Women Boxing. 5 October 2019. Retrieved 8 October 2019.
  18. ^ ab'SkyCity convention centre set to create 800 jobs - Joyce'. TVNZ. 13 May 2013.
  19. ^'John Key: SkyCity will be an 'eyesore' without government money'. Stuff.co.nz. 10 February 2015.
  20. ^'Public money for SkyCity convention centre 'least preferred' fix'. The New Zealand Herald. 12 February 2015.
  21. ^'SkyCity drops funding bid'. Radio New Zealand News. 15 February 2015. Retrieved 16 February 2015.
  22. ^'Auckland's SkyCity Convention Centre fire: Firefighter in serious condition as building goes up in flames'. Stuff.co.nz. 22 October 2019. Retrieved 24 October 2019.
  23. ^'SkyCity fire live: Inferno rages, roof fears, TVNZ evacuated'. New Zealand Herald. 23 October 2019. Retrieved 24 October 2019.

External links[edit]

Coordinates: 36°50′56″S174°45′42″E / 36.8488°S 174.7617°E

Auckland Casino Ltd V Casino Control Authority 1995 3

Retrieved from 'https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Skycity_Auckland&oldid=925401504'